Security Deposit Clause
The security deposit clause should specify: the exact deposit amount, how and when it will be returned after you move out, what deductions can be made (damage beyond normal wear and tear, unpaid rent, cleaning fees), and the timeline for return (typically 14-30 days depending on your state). Some jurisdictions require the landlord to hold the deposit in an interest-bearing account and pay you the interest.
Maintenance and Repairs
This clause defines who's responsible for what. The landlord is generally responsible for major systems (plumbing, electrical, heating, roof) and habitability. Tenants typically handle minor maintenance (light bulbs, smoke detector batteries, keeping the unit clean). Watch for clauses that shift unusual maintenance burdens to the tenant — like requiring tenants to handle appliance repairs or pest control.
Subletting and Assignment
If you might need to move before your lease ends, the subletting clause is critical. Some leases prohibit subletting entirely. Others allow it with landlord consent (which should not be unreasonably withheld). An assignment transfers the entire lease to a new tenant; a sublease means you're still ultimately responsible. Understand the difference.
Lease Termination and Early Exit
Check what happens if you need to break the lease early. Some leases require you to pay the remaining rent in full. Others charge a lease-break fee (typically 1-2 months' rent). Some require you to find a replacement tenant. Knowing these terms upfront helps you plan for unexpected life changes.
Rent Increase Provisions
Fixed-term leases lock in your rent for the lease period. Month-to-month agreements may allow the landlord to raise rent with 30-60 days notice. Some leases include automatic annual increases (e.g., 3% per year). Check for rent control protections in your city — they may override what the lease says.
Pet Policies
Pet clauses should be specific, not vague. Look for: whether pets are allowed at all, restrictions on breed/size/weight, pet deposit or pet rent amounts, and number of pets permitted. 'Pet rent' ($25-50/month per pet) is increasingly common — factor this into your total monthly cost.
Utilities and Additional Fees
The lease should clearly state which utilities are included in rent and which you must pay separately. Watch for bundled utility billing (where the landlord resells utilities to you at a markup), mandatory valet trash fees, parking fees, and community amenity fees. These 'junk fees' can add $50-200/month to your effective rent.
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